查看所有支持的图像格式

查看ffmpeg -h，找到 ffmpeg -pix_fmts，提示"show available pixel formats"，即为支持的像素格式：

ffmpeg -pix_fmts 
~# ffmpeg -pix_fmts
ffmpeg version 4.2.7-0ubuntu0.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2022 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --arch=amd64 --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --disable-filter=resample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libjack --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librsvg --enable-librubberband --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-lv2 --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opencl --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-nvenc --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  libavutil      56. 31.100 / 56. 31.100
  libavcodec     58. 54.100 / 58. 54.100
  libavformat    58. 29.100 / 58. 29.100
  libavdevice    58.  8.100 / 58.  8.100
  libavfilter     7. 57.100 /  7. 57.100
  libavresample   4.  0.  0 /  4.  0.  0
  libswscale      5.  5.100 /  5.  5.100
  libswresample   3.  5.100 /  3.  5.100
  libpostproc    55.  5.100 / 55.  5.100
Pixel formats:
I.... = Supported Input  format for conversion
.O... = Supported Output format for conversion
..H.. = Hardware accelerated format
...P. = Paletted format
....B = Bitstream format
FLAGS NAME            NB_COMPONENTS BITS_PER_PIXEL
-----
IO... yuv420p                3            12
IO... yuyv422                3            16
IO... rgb24                  3            24
IO... bgr24                  3            24
IO... yuv422p                3            16
IO... yuv444p                3            24
IO... yuv410p                3             9
IO... yuv411p                3            12
IO... gray                   1             8
IO..B monow                  1             1
IO..B monob                  1             1
I..P. pal8                   1             8
IO... yuvj420p               3            12
IO... yuvj422p               3            16
IO... yuvj444p               3            24
IO... uyvy422                3            16
..... uyyvyy411              3            12
IO... bgr8                   3             8
.O..B bgr4                   3             4
IO... bgr4_byte              3             4
IO... rgb8                   3             8
.O..B rgb4                   3             4
IO... rgb4_byte              3             4
IO... nv12                   3            12
IO... nv21                   3            12
IO... argb                   4            32
IO... rgba                   4            32
IO... abgr                   4            32
IO... bgra                   4            32
IO... gray16be               1            16
IO... gray16le               1            16
IO... yuv440p                3            16
IO... yuvj440p               3            16
IO... yuva420p               4            20
IO... rgb48be                3            48
IO... rgb48le                3            48
IO... rgb565be               3            16
IO... rgb565le               3            16
IO... rgb555be               3            15
IO... rgb555le               3            15
IO... bgr565be               3            16
IO... bgr565le               3            16
IO... bgr555be               3            15
IO... bgr555le               3            15
..H.. vaapi_moco             0             0
..H.. vaapi_idct             0             0
..H.. vaapi_vld              0             0
IO... yuv420p16le            3            24
IO... yuv420p16be            3            24
IO... yuv422p16le            3            32
IO... yuv422p16be            3            32
IO... yuv444p16le            3            48
IO... yuv444p16be            3            48
..H.. dxva2_vld              0             0
IO... rgb444le               3            12
IO... rgb444be               3            12
IO... bgr444le               3            12
IO... bgr444be               3            12
IO... ya8                    2            16
IO... bgr48be                3            48
IO... bgr48le                3            48
IO... yuv420p9be             3            13
IO... yuv420p9le             3            13
IO... yuv420p10be            3            15
IO... yuv420p10le            3            15
IO... yuv422p10be            3            20
IO... yuv422p10le            3            20
IO... yuv444p9be             3            27
IO... yuv444p9le             3            27
IO... yuv444p10be            3            30
IO... yuv444p10le            3            30
IO... yuv422p9be             3            18
IO... yuv422p9le             3            18
IO... gbrp                   3            24
IO... gbrp9be                3            27
IO... gbrp9le                3            27
IO... gbrp10be               3            30
IO... gbrp10le               3            30
IO... gbrp16be               3            48
IO... gbrp16le               3            48
IO... yuva422p               4            24
IO... yuva444p               4            32
IO... yuva420p9be            4            22
IO... yuva420p9le            4            22
IO... yuva422p9be            4            27
IO... yuva422p9le            4            27
IO... yuva444p9be            4            36
IO... yuva444p9le            4            36
IO... yuva420p10be           4            25
IO... yuva420p10le           4            25
IO... yuva422p10be           4            30
IO... yuva422p10le           4            30
IO... yuva444p10be           4            40
IO... yuva444p10le           4            40
IO... yuva420p16be           4            40
IO... yuva420p16le           4            40
IO... yuva422p16be           4            48
IO... yuva422p16le           4            48
IO... yuva444p16be           4            64
IO... yuva444p16le           4            64
..H.. vdpau                  0             0
IO... xyz12le                3            36
IO... xyz12be                3            36
..... nv16                   3            16
..... nv20le                 3            20
..... nv20be                 3            20
IO... rgba64be               4            64
IO... rgba64le               4            64
IO... bgra64be               4            64
IO... bgra64le               4            64
IO... yvyu422                3            16
IO... ya16be                 2            32
IO... ya16le                 2            32
IO... gbrap                  4            32
IO... gbrap16be              4            64
IO... gbrap16le              4            64
..H.. qsv                    0             0
..H.. mmal                   0             0
..H.. d3d11va_vld            0             0
..H.. cuda                   0             0
IO... 0rgb                   3            24
IO... rgb0                   3            24
IO... 0bgr                   3            24
IO... bgr0                   3            24
IO... yuv420p12be            3            18
IO... yuv420p12le            3            18
IO... yuv420p14be            3            21
IO... yuv420p14le            3            21
IO... yuv422p12be            3            24
IO... yuv422p12le            3            24
IO... yuv422p14be            3            28
IO... yuv422p14le            3            28
IO... yuv444p12be            3            36
IO... yuv444p12le            3            36
IO... yuv444p14be            3            42
IO... yuv444p14le            3            42
IO... gbrp12be               3            36
IO... gbrp12le               3            36
IO... gbrp14be               3            42
IO... gbrp14le               3            42
IO... yuvj411p               3            12
I.... bayer_bggr8            3             8
I.... bayer_rggb8            3             8
I.... bayer_gbrg8            3             8
I.... bayer_grbg8            3             8
I.... bayer_bggr16le         3            16
I.... bayer_bggr16be         3            16
I.... bayer_rggb16le         3            16
I.... bayer_rggb16be         3            16
I.... bayer_gbrg16le         3            16
I.... bayer_gbrg16be         3            16
I.... bayer_grbg16le         3            16
I.... bayer_grbg16be         3            16
..H.. xvmc                   0             0
IO... yuv440p10le            3            20
IO... yuv440p10be            3            20
IO... yuv440p12le            3            24
IO... yuv440p12be            3            24
IO... ayuv64le               4            64
..... ayuv64be               4            64
..H.. videotoolbox_vld       0             0
IO... p010le                 3            15
IO... p010be                 3            15
IO... gbrap12be              4            48
IO... gbrap12le              4            48
IO... gbrap10be              4            40
IO... gbrap10le              4            40
..H.. mediacodec             0             0
IO... gray12be               1            12
IO... gray12le               1            12
IO... gray10be               1            10
IO... gray10le               1            10
IO... p016le                 3            24
IO... p016be                 3            24
..H.. d3d11                  0             0
IO... gray9be                1             9
IO... gray9le                1             9
..... gbrpf32be              3            96
..... gbrpf32le              3            96
..... gbrapf32be             4            128
..... gbrapf32le             4            128
..H.. drm_prime              0             0
..H.. opencl                 0             0
IO... gray14be               1            14
IO... gray14le               1            14
IO... grayf32be              1            32
IO... grayf32le              1            32
IO... yuva422p12be           4            36
IO... yuva422p12le           4            36
IO... yuva444p12be           4            48
IO... yuva444p12le           4            48
IO... nv24                   3            24
IO... nv42                   3            24

注意点：

  1. 关于yuv420p与yuvj420p：参考：YUV420P与YUVJ420P_itzilong的博客-CSDN博客，两者格式一致，只是颜色空间上的不同，yuvj使用的是Jpeg转换公式，范围是0-255；yuv的范围是16-240。
  2. 关于YV24、YV16、YV12：ffmpeg没有支持这些YUV格式，但可以通过命令调整UV排列来间接操作这类图像。ffmpeg支持NV系列格式。
  3. 关于yuv420p10le：指的是10bit采样的yuv，正常默认是8bit的，yuv420p12/p14系列以此类推。

FFmpeg图像格式转换

PNG转YUV420P(I420/YU12)

ffmpeg -i in.png -pix_fmt yuv420p 512x512_420p.yuv

PNG转YV12

ffmpeg -i in.png -pix_fmt yuv420p -vf shuffleplanes=0:2:1 512x512_yv12.yuv

-vf shuffleplanes:0:2:1用于交换UV分量的位置。

YUV420P转NV12及调整分辨率

ffmpeg -pix_fmt yuv420p -s 512x512 -pix_fmt yuv420p -i 512x512_420p.yuv -vf scale=256x256 -pix_fmt nv12 256x256_nv12.yuv
  • 前一个-pix_fmt yuv420p用于指定输入YUV的格式。
  • -s用于指定输入YUV的大小。
  • -vf scale=256x256用于指定输出分辨率。
  • 后一个-pix_fmt nv12用于指定输出YUV的格式。

YUV转BMP

ffmpeg -pix_fmt yuv420p -s 512x512 -i 512x512_420p.yuv out.bmp

提取YUV各个分量

 ffmpeg -pix_fmt yuv420p -s 512x512 -i .\512x512_420p.yuv -filter_complex 'extractplanes=y+u+v[y][u][v]' -map '[y]' y.yuv -map '[u]' u.yuv -map '[v]' v.yuv

MP4转yuv文件

ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -vcodec rawvideo -s 540x960 -pix_fmt nv12  -vframes 300 out*540x960.yuv

-vframes 300用于指定提取的帧数。

MP4提取yuv帧

ffmpeg -i .\in.mp4 -an -pix_fmt nv12 -s 540x960 -f segment -segment_time 0.01  out%d.yuv

-segment_time用于指定提取间隔，小于1/fps时即可实现按帧提取。

ffplay播放YUV

播放YUV图片

ffplay 420p.yuv -s 512x512 -pix_fmt yuv420p

播放YUV视频

ffplay -f rawvideo -video_size 1280x720  -pixel_format yuyv422 test.yuv

单独播放YUV中的一个分量

ffplay -pix_fmt yuv420p -s 512x512 -vf extractplanes='y' 512x512_420p.yuv

将y改成u/v则就可以播放uv分量。

单独播放YUV分量文件

ffplay -s 512x512 -pix_fmt gray y.yuv






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